European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Background: Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption, bones strengthening, hemopoiesis,
protection against heart failure, prevention against upper respiratory infection, acts as anti-oxidant and
strengthening immunity. Its deficiency has turn out to be epidemic globally, but still majority of
population is unaware about the problem. The prevalence can be appreciated in all age groups in both
the genders, such as, youngsters, adult, pregnant women and geriatric group. As vitamin D functions in
bone remodeling and its normal growth, the deficiency leads to retarded growth and skeletal deformities
in infants and adolescents, whereas, muscle weakness and fractures are common in adults. Present study
was carried out to sensitize the medical undergraduates regarding deficiency, prevention and treatment
of vitamin D.

Background:Health & nutritional status of mother during & before pregnancy is
considered to be strongly associated with pregnancy outcomes. Poor nutritional status
& inadequate intake of food in pregnancy not only affect women’s health but also effect
birth weight & development of infant. The present study was conducting to analyse the
outcomes of maternal nutrition on infant's birth weight.
Material and methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted among 350
pregnant women. Socio-demographic characteristics and obstetrics information of the
pregnant women were collected using pretested questionnaires. Anthropometric
measurements were carried out using appropriate measuring instruments. All statistical
analyses were performed using SPSS version 20. Multiple linear regressions analysis
was also performed to explore independent effects of maternal factors. A p value< 0.05
was considered to be significant.
Results: In this study, the mean weight and height of pregnant women were 63.25kg and
156.32cm, respectively. Overall, the mean pre-pregnancy BMI of the study participants
was 24.43kg/m2. The study also revealed that the mean weight gain of the mothers was
9.45kg, within the weight gain range of 4–16kg. The mean maternal hemoglobin level
was 11.76g/dL. Moreover, the mean total serum cholesterol level of the mothers was
187.32mg/dL. Maternal blood sample analysis also revealed that the mean total serum
protein level was 5.70g/dL, with 81.42% and 18.58% of women having total protein
level less than 6.7 g/dL and between 6.7 and 8.7 g/dL, respectively. In multivariate
linear regression analysis, birth weight was significantly associated with parity,
maternal BMI, weight gain during pregnancy, hemoglobin level.
Conclusion: The present study concluded that birth weight was significantly associated
with parity, maternal BMI, weight gain during pregnancy, hemoglobin level. Therefore,
nutritional status of the pregnant women should be improved to reduce the risk of low
birth weight.

Background:Edentulous individuals consume significantly lower amounts of protein and
multiple other nutrients, including fiber, calcium, and some vitamins. The present study was
conducted to assess effect of dietary advice along with new complete dentures on nutritional
status in edentulous patients.
Materials & Methods:48completely edentulous patients of both genders were divided into 2
groups. Group I received dietary advice and group II received both dietary advice and denture
care advice. Denture fabrication was done following all standardized method in both groups.
Mini nutritional assessment test and serum ferritin levels was measured at follow up at 6 and
12 months of denture insertion.
Results: Out of 48 patients, males were 22 and females were 26. The mean serum ferritin
level at 6 months in group I was 140.6 ng/ml and in group II was 156.2 ng/ml. At 12 months,
it was 190.2 ng/ml in group I and 246.8 ng/ml in group II. The difference was significant (P<
0.05). The mean MNA-SF value at 6 months was 8.4 and 12.2 and at 12 months was 11.2 and
13.6 in group I and II respectively. The difference was significant (P< 0.05).
Conclusion: Denture care along with dietary advice proved to be beneficial in improving
nutritional status in edentulous patients.

Purpose:This study was aimed to analyze the correlation of food security status and household food expenditure to nutritional status on pregnant women.
Research Methodology:This study was an observational study with crossectional design, conducted in PuskesmasWonosobo, Lampung Province, Indonesia on May 2020 - Augustus 2020. All of pregnant women who get Antenatal Care (ANC) on Puskesmas were carried out as samples. Food security status and household food expenditure data were measure by anamnesis and questionnaire. Nutritional status was asses by mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) of pregnant women. Data was collected and then analyzed using SPSS 21 application.
Results:A total of 53 pregnant women, with age distribution on range of <18 years &>35 years (20 women) and 20-35 years (33 women) were analyzed in this study. Statistical analysis (Chi-Square) show the pregnant womens in malnutrition status with food insecurity were 3 women (75%) while pregnant women in good nutrition status with food insecurity only 3 women (6.1%) (p = 0.003). Correlation between house hold expenditure to nutritional status was analyzed by chi-square test, the result show all of pregnant women in malnutrition status (4 women) have lower house hold expenditure (p = 0.001).
Conclusion:This study clearly shows that more food security and level of household food expenditure will affect on nutritional status of pregnant women.

Among kidney failure patients, especially those on dialysis, malnutrition is associated with poor outcomes. Malnutrition is a multifactorial process, including inflammation, which can be measured by C-reactive protein (CRP). The objective is to evaluate the dynamics of CRP associated with nutritional status changes in kidney failure patients at initiation and after 3 months of dialysis. A prospective cohort study using a consecutive sampling method consisting of 40 kidney failure patients who received initial dialysis at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia from January-March 2020. Nutritional status was evaluated with Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), and CRP was measured at the initial dialysis and after 3 months. All subjects received nutritional education at the beginning. Nutritional status was defined as well-nourished (WN, SGA A) and malnourished (MN, SGA B and C), then classified into 4 groups denoting nutritional changes: Group 1 (WN to WN), Group 2 (MN to WN), Group 3 (WN to MN), and Group 4 (MN to MN). ANOVA, paired t-test, and chi-square test (significance p<0.05) were used for statistical analyses. Subject’s mean age was 50.5±14.8 years old; 52.5% were male. Diabetes and obstructive nephropathy were the most frequent underlying diseases, both had a prevalence of 35%. At initiation, the prevalence of malnutrition was 77.5%; after 3 months, it was 70%. The highest proportion of Group 4 were female (62.5%) and those with diabetes (45.9%). Among all subjects, mean CRP decreased (9.4±32.3 mg/dL) after 3 months. While mean CRP based on nutritional changes, Group 2 had the highest reduction (18.8±26.8 mg/dL), and Group 3, CRP increased (17.5±17.0 mg/dL). C-reactive protein is negatively associated with nutritional status changes in kidney failure patients after 3 months of dialysis. Malnutrition was higher in female subjects and those with diabetes.

Purpose:This study was aimed to analyze the correlation of food security status and household food expenditure to nutritional status on pregnant women.This study was aimed to identify the significant effect of the determinants factor of maternal health and incidence of maternal death.
Research Methodology:This study was an observational study with cross sectional design, Thisstudy was conducted in Province Lampung, Indonesia, in 2020. Population of this research consisted of situation maternal health in provience Lampung. Sampel in this study are report of bacis health and SDGs series: districts/city readiness from 13 districts and 2 cities in Province Lampung. The studied indicators either were evaluated of environtment, health behavior, and health service for ech districts/city. Data was collected and then analyzed using SmartPLS application.
Results:The environment determinant in this study was determined to water quality and sanitation. Health behaviour determinant indicator was assessed by ANC adherence and labor operator while indicator of health service determinants were access of health service, care of maternal complication, health insurance. All of determinants have significant correlation to maternal health by T- value and p value were (T= 2.201 ; p= 0.028), (T= 2.467 ; p= 0.012), (T=2.737 ; p=0.006), respectively dor environment, health behaviour, and health service determinants. Refer to the result above which are schematized in Figure 1, it can be learned that environment, health behavior and health services present strong effets to maternal health.
Conclusion:This study results show clearly there are correlation of variable determinants; environment, health behavior, and health service to affect maternal healthby the pathways.

Background: The relationship between the oral health and nutritional status in the elderly is complex and controversial. It has been suggested that poor oral health and a decreased ability to chew have a profound influence on food selection, diet and thereby the nutritional status of the individual. Edentulous individuals consume diet that is lower in fruits, vegetables, protein and fiber as compared to dentate individuals due to decrease in ability to chew. If or not a combination of dietary advice along with prosthetic rehabilitation improves dietary intake is still not very clear. So, we are aimed to give dietary advice along with prosthetic treatment and thought of evaluating their nutritional status through OHIP-EDENT, Mini Nutritional Assessment test and serum ferritin levels at baseline, 6 months and 12 months.
Method/Outcome: A type of observational study in which 25 patients will be recruited after seeing into the inclusion and exclusion criteria and then these patients will be given complete denture prosthesis along with nutritional advice and the outcome will be assessed using OHIP-EDENT, Mini Nutritional Assessment Test and Serum Ferritin levels at baseline six and nine months. Expected Results: Simple dietary advice that can be implemented by a dentist would be more practical in clinical practice than tailored dietary counselling. So, giving simple nutritional advice in combination with new complete denture would improve nutrient intake among edentulous individuals

BACKGROUND: There are various people having dental arches with edentulous areas which are unrestored and are present posterior to the natural remaining teeth. Such people are known to have a SDA or Shortened Dental Arch. Individuals having SDA may consume a limited diet, containing highly processed& soft foods which can aggravate the possibility of obesity.
OBJECTIVE: In this study, we will evaluate the difference in the nutritional status of the patient with SDA as compared to completely dentulous patients and propose a desired intervention for such patients.
METHODS: This research will be executed at “Department of Prosthodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Sawangi (Meghe) DMIMS DU, Wardha”. Total 40 patients reporting to OPD with unrestored edentulous area posterior to natural teeth as well as completely dentulous patients will be included in this study .Nutritional assessment using “mini nutritional assessment- short form” is evaluated for every subject and compared.
RESULTS: It is expected that this study would provide an insight to the difference in the nutritional status of the patient with SDA as compared to completely dentulous patients and propose a desired intervention for such patients.
CONCLUSION- There are various people having dental arches with unrestored edentulous areas remaining distal to the remaining natural teeth. Such people are known to have a SDA or Shortened Dental Arch .Individuals having SDA may consume a limited diet, containing highly processed& soft foods which can aggravate the possibility of obesity. This study will aid in evaluating the difference in the nutritional status of the patient with SDA as compared to completely dentulous patients and propose a desired intervention for such patients.