European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Introduction: The medical word for sluggish eye is amblyopia. Treatment for
amblyopia, the medical word for lazy eye, have been documented since before 900 A.D.
"Amblyopia is a condition in which a person's best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) is
reduced unilaterally or (rarely) bilaterally due to a lack of form vision and/or aberrant
binocular interaction with no visible pathology of the eye or visual pathway."
Method: An evaluation of the current study was conducted on78 amblyopic patients
who visited the Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences and Hospital in Bhubaneswar's
ophthalmology outpatient department. All patients were included for the current study
who were diagnosed to have amblyopia and informed consent, going in age from 10 to
50 years and of both genders.
Result: During my two-year study period, 8600 new cases visited the Kalinga Institute
of Medical Sciences and Hospital's Eye OPD. There was a sum of 78 amblyopia cases
diagnosed. Due to such issues, the prevalence rate is 0.9 percent. Six of the 45
anisometropic individuals had a normal field, while the other 39 suffered from
widespread depression. Three of the thirty participants had a normal field, 21 had
global depression, 6 had a misplaced blind spot, and 15 had a central scotoma; some
had several abnormalities.
Conclusion: The prevalence rate of amblyopia was 1.1 percent in population-based
regional studies in India connected to childhood blindness and the common occurrence
of refractory mistakes (V Kalikiyavi et al)14, whereas it was 4.4 percent in a study on
urban population by GV Murthy et al15. According to a Chinese study by Andrey Chia
et al16 and Jing Fu et al17, the prevalence ranged from 0.8 percent to 2.5 percent in
different subsets of individuals in the south Asian region

Background:Amblyopia is an important public health problem leading to visual impairment
which is lifelong. Refractive error is one of the common causes of amblyopia. The present
study was conducted to assess pattern of amblyopia in children in the age group between 5
to15 years.
Materials & Methods:180 children in the age group between 5 to15 years with amblyopia of
both genders were included. All cases underwent ophthalmic examination using visual acuity
by Snellen vision chart, cycloplegic refraction by streak retinoscope, auto-refrectometer,
thorough anterior and posterior segment and examination by slit lamp biomicroscopy,
ophthalmoscopy and assessment of the ocular alignment by cover-uncover test and ocular
motility.
Results: Age group 5-10 years comprised of 100 and age group 10-15 years had 80 children.
common types were Myopia seen in 30, Hypermetropia in 65, Myopic Astigmatism in 60 and
Hypermetropic Astigmatism in 25 cases. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Types of
Amblyopia was Monocular in 70 and binocular in 110 cases. The difference was significant
(P< 0.05).

Aim: To compare macular and peripapillary RNFL thickness in amblyopic & fellow eye in unilateral amblyopia, using OPKOS SLO/OCT.
Material & Methods: This was an Institutional prospective analytical study conducted over a period of one year, after approval from Scientific and Ethical Committee. All the unilateral amblyopic 5 to 40 years of age, who gave consent for undergoing OCT were included in the study.
Results: During the study period, 100 eyes of 50 patients, who met the inclusion criteria were taken up for the study. Out of 50 patients, 30 were males and 20 were females with mean age of 20.7 ± 8.9 years. Patients were subdivided into types of amblyopia and anisometropia. The Mean Macular Thickness of amblyopic eye (273.61 ± 20.30) was statistically significantly increased in 50 patients (P=0.05) when compared to fellow non-amblyopic eye (262.81 ± 17.75).
Conclusion: There was a significant increase in mean macular thickness in all amblyopes, which was significant only in anisometropes, while RNFL thickness was significantly increased only in strabismic amblyopia, when compared with fellow eye. These results corroborate with findings of similar previous studies.