European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Cutaneous leishmaniasis, is a diseases transmitted by sand-flies, which infect both genders and all age groups; the study was conducted in Al-Najaf /Iraq, during the period (September 2018 - April 2019). Data collected from four Hospitals (Al-Sadr Teaching Hospital, Al-Hakeem Teaching Hospital, Al-Forat Teaching Hospital and Al-Sajad Teaching Hospital). Data included 321 patients of both genders aged (≤10- ≥51),from urban and rural areas and different occupations; infection was Clinically examined by a physician (skin specialist).The results recorded high rate of infection with cutaneous leishmaniasis during the period of the study, in January reaching to 26.7 % ,While it was less in April 7.7 %, with a statistical significance between months of the study, also results indicated that the highest infection was in age range (11-21 ) year old reach to 7.7 according to age groups. Also the results showed the high rate of infection in males reaching to 9.3 as compared in females, with statistical significance between age groups and gender. The results showed that the highest incidence was 33% on the patients’ hands, multiple lesions more than single lesion, with significant differences between number and location of lesions on the patient's body. In the present study, the results state that leishmaniasis is prevalent in rural (54.3%) more than in urban areas (45.7 %.), also the military is more susceptible to infect with leishmaniasis .As compared with other occupations with significant differences between rural and urban areas as well as different occupations.

The study included identification of Leishmania parasite from cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis, by examination of smears from patients and Nested-PCR technique ,Out of 215 cases suspected for cutaneous leishmaniasis included (61) pus and (178) tissue these pus sample were diagnosed by direct smear method to see the Amastgote phase .The cases included in this study belonged to some hospitals in the Babylon as Morjan Medical City Hospital (24) , Musayyib General Hospital(17), Thu Al-Kifl General Hospital (29) and Hashimyah General Hospital(145), during the period from (October 2019 to March 2020). According to stain results,(60.6%) from the (61) total pus sample cases were positive to giemsa stain and after that used the DNA extraction from total number (215) sample in Nested–PCR and the results appear in percent (82.7%) ,these percent divided in to (20.7%) to Leishmania. Tropica and (79.2%) to Leishmania. Major. The study aimed to detection of Leishmania species in Babylon province