ABSTRACT: There was a long-held perception that mature permanent teeth with pulp exposure has less favourable outcomes therefore root canal therapy as a treatment option has prevailed over others since the longest time. However, in the past decade we see a shift in the paradigm wherein maintaining the vitality and integrity of the pulp organ, elimination of microbes from the pulp- dentin complex and promoting regeneration of tissue has become the focus. This article throws light on materials used in vital pulp therapy procedure that helps attain protection towards the pulp - dentin complex.