ABSTRACT Introduction: Menstruation is the monthly shedding of a women uterine lining. The four phases of the menstrual cycle are menstruation, the follicular phase, ovulation and the luteal phase. Common menstrual problems include heavy or painful periods, premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and menorrhagia. Objective: To access and compare hemoglobin level before and after menstruation in rural and urban girls of Ist year MBBS of JMC, Jhalawar Methodology: Hemoglobin level was tested using the Sahli’s hemoglobinometer. premenstrual and post menstrual flow. Total 100 girls of first year MBBS of JMC, Jhalawar with a regular menstrual cycle participated in this study. T-test was used to compare the study. Results: There is a significant difference found in hemoglobin level found in rural and urban students before and after menstruation. The hemoglobin level of the girls ranges between 8 and 12 grams per deciliter. The hemoglobin levels drops just upto 7 grams per deciliter in follicular phase and it rises upto 70 mg per deciliter in luteal phase. The psychological symptoms of PMS were more as compared to physical symptoms. Conclusion: There is no significant drop in the hemoglobin levels in most of the girls but the mean of the student belongs to rural areas has low hemoglobin level in comparison to the urban areas. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) was the most common menstrual problem faced by the students (85.24%), and mood swing being the commonest symptom noted in 89 participants.