Background: According to WHO 4 million newborn deaths occur worldwide every year. Among these approximately 98% deaths occur in developing countries and are caused by infections, asphyxia, complications of prematurity and low birth weight generally reported incidence of birth asphyxia lies between 2.9 and 9.0/1000 deliveries. Neonatal mortality accounts for nearly 2/3 of infant mortality rate and 1/3 of under-five mortalities worldwide. Infant mortality rate of any country reflects its socioeconomic status as well as healthcare efficiency, effectiveness and its outcome. Hence there is need to improve neonatal care services globally. With this background it is important to identify group of pregnant women who need NICU services after delivery. Preventable causes for neonatal morbidity should also be labeled and addressed during antenatal period. Material & Methods: This retrospective hospital record based analytical study was done among 1862 NICU neonates admitted in dept of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Peoples Medical College, Bhopal. All women without NICU admission were excluded. Still birth infants beyond 28 days after delivery were also excluded. Delivered women with neonates requiring NICU admission were included in study and further reason for NICU admission and duration of NICU stay for the neonate was estimated from the records.