The aim of the study was analyze the types of haemoglobinopathies in patients of Anemia using hemoglobin electrophoresis. Haemoglobinopathies like thalassaemia and sickle cell anemia etc are increasing due to unawareness of rural population. Microcytic hypochromic anemia is common problem in central India. The haemoglobinopathies (Structural and functional disorders of haemoglobin) are major World health problem. These are single gene,autosomal,recessive monogenic disorders that include thalassaemia and sickle cell anemia. Hemoglobinopathies presents as microcytic hypochromic anemia.They are misdiagnosed and treated as iron deficiency anemiainhemoglobinopathies iron is not required by the body. This causes burden to the patient economically as well as on health. The excess iron which is not required by body has a toxic effect on the body. By doing electrophoresis in microcytic hypochromic anemia, we can categorize anemia into different groups. Electrophoresis helps in giving correct diagnosis. Most common cause of microcytic hypochromic anemia was iron deficiency anemia and abnormal hemoglobin disorder . Differential diagnosis based on complete hemogram and peripheral smear is possible but special tests like serum iron profile and haemoglobin electrophoresis are a must for confirmation of the diagnosis.