The promotion of resilient and sustainable food systems in India is greatly aided by agricultural biodiversity, or the variety of plant and animal species that support agricultural productivity. India is faced with several issues relating to environmental degradation, food security, and climate change. A more sustainable and resilient food system in India can be achieved through promoting agricultural biodiversity. Farmers may raise output, enhance soil quality, lower their risk of contracting pests and diseases, and diversify their crops and livestock.Additionally, given that various crops and livestock types have varying susceptibilities to climatic pressures like drought and heat, agricultural diversification can act as a buffer against climate change. By doing so, farmers will be better able to adjust to the changing environment and lessen the negative effects of weather-related calamities on food production. For policymakers, farmers, and consumers in India, promoting agricultural biodiversity should be a top priority in this situation. India can make sure that its food systems are more resilient and sustainable in the future by adopting agro ecological methods, preserving traditional crop and livestock varieties, and supporting sustainable food systems.