Abstract Health literacy means that people have specific knowledge, personal skills, and confidence, and they can take action to improve individual ability to use the information to promote good health. Limited health literacy is related to using preventive services, delaying diagnosis, understanding the medical condition, following medical instructions, and self-management skill. The elderly Chinese population is increasing rapidly. This article is a systematic review use to identify the relevant factors of limited health literacy among older adults living in mainland China. After searching and screening articles, there are seven articles included in this systematic review. From this systematic review have found that many factors associated with limited health literacy among older adults in China, and the factors involved in age, gender, race, marital condition, education, income, former occupational, health behavior, cognitive, chronic disease, and social support.