ABSTRACT Relevance: The problem of genital prolapse, despite such a long history of the disease, still does not have a definite solution. Currently, the problem of genital prolapse in women remains relevant due to the high impact on the social part of life. Genital prolapse and impaired function of neighboring organs significantly reduce the quality of life. Every year there are more and more articles linking genital prolapse with connective tissue pathology and with a change in collagen structure. This paper describes the relationship of polymorphisms of the collagen genes COL1A1 and COL3A1 and pelvic organ prolapse in women. This study aimed to analyze the effect of rs1800012 and rs1107946 polymorphisms of the COL1A1 gene, rs1800255 of the COL3A1 gene on the development of pelvic organ prolapse in women of the Belgorod region. Material and Methods: In 2018 we analyzed 268 women who were residents of the city of Belgorod and the Belgorod region, among which 2 groups were identified. Group 1 (N = 53) included women who had signs of pelvic organ prolapse. Group 2 (N = 215) consisted of women with an objectively proven absence of prolapse. The study was carried out in the gynecological department of Belgorod Regional Clinical Hospital of St. Joasaph. Results: In our study, it was found that the frequencies of polymorphisms of the COL1A1 and COL3A1 genes in residents of the Belgorod region did not differ from those in representatives of European populations. Thus, in the studied population of Belgorod women, the allele A of the rs1800255 polymorphism of the COL3A1 gene was characterized by a protective effect in relation to the predisposition to pelvic organ prolapse. Conclusion: In our study, a high association of rs1800255 polymorphism of the COL3A1 gene to pelvic organ prolapse in women of the Belgorod region was confirmed. At the same time, no connection between the rs1800012 and rs1107946 polymorphisms of the COL1A1 gene and genital prolapse was detected.