Background and objective: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. Various recent studies reported an incidence of AKI after surgery ranging from 6.7 to 32%. Risk factors for AKI in this setting may be procedure-related factors, post-operative complications and several patient-related include age, gender, comorbid disease Diabetes Melitus (DM), Hypertension (HT), Cardiovascular disease (CVD), and physical status. This study aimed to explore the risk factors of AKI in major abdominal surgery Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search from PubMed and Cochrane Library. We included articles describing AKI in the setting of major abdominal surgery, published from 2015 until now, and cohort study design. This review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020216405) Results: From 478 articles, 4 articles met our inclusion criteria describing AKI outcomes in varied population 683-3751. Prevalence of AKI 8,8 %. Age patient risk AKI in major abdominal surgery with Mean difference was 3.04 (95% CI = 1.83-4.25; P <0.00001). Meta-analysis of the four studies showed that Male had a pooled Odds ratio (OR) of 1.79 (95% CI = 1.04-3.08; P = 0.04) , DM OR 1.64 (95% CI 1.36-2.03; P <0.00001), HT pooled OR 1.90 (95% CI = 1.30-2.78; P = 0.0009), CVD has an OR of 1.58 (95% CI = 0.91-2.75; P = 0.10), physical status ASA≥ 3 (The American Society of Anesthesiologists) score has pooled OR 1.70 (95% CI = 1.16-2.49; P = 0.007)