Haematological disorders are one of the most common disorders encountered by physician ranging from anaemias to malignancies having wide range of presentations. Pancytopenia having various aetiologies poses a diagnostic challenge. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy has a key role in diagnosis and treatment of haematological disorders and various systemic illnesses like pyrexia of unknown aetiology where the underlying aetiology is not obvious. The present study was undertaken to analyse the spectrum of bone marrow aspiration and biopsy findings in various haematological and systemic illnesses