ABSTRACT The main aim of root canal treatment is to disinfect the entire root canal system. The main agenda is to eliminate the necrotic pulp. This goal can be achieved using chemical irrigation and mechanical instrumentation combined with medication of the root canal between treatment sessions. The major causes of pulpal and periapical pathosis are the microorganisms and their by-products. Various irrigation solutions have been suggested in order to eliminate or reduce bacteria and pulpal tissue remnants. The irrigants used in endodontics are Sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine digluconate, chitosan, EDTA and a few herbal derivatives. The most commonly used irrigant is sodium hypochlorite because of its excellent antimicrobial properties.