ABSTRACT: The use of magnification devices in endodontics is mainly meant for visual enhancement and improved ergonomics. This is important especially when long hours are spent in a narrow operating space to treat minuscule anatomy. The utilization of magnification gives off an impression of being of expanding interest. With the ongoing advances of magnification devices with increased magnification and illumination, there is improved specialized accuracy and performance. A significant aspect of the modern endodontic armamentarium have focused light on high degree of magnification, the endoscope, dental loupes, and operating microscope. These advancements enables the operator to visualize even the tiny details for proper diagnosis and treatment of dental pathology. Despite the high cost, the use of dental operating microscope into the endodontic practice has improved the quality of treatment and ergonomics. To have a better understanding of the functioning of the magnifying devices, it is necessary to review some of the fundamental aspects of optics.