Online ISSN: 2515-8260

Role of vital parameters and biomarkers in predicting the outcome of patients in Covid ICU: A comparative study

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SouravBansal1 , Arghadip Das2 ,Nikhat Fatima Mansoori3 , Irshan Ali Mohammed4 , Vinodh Boopalraj5

Abstract

Aim: The aim of the present study to compare the vital parameters and biomarkers in predicting the outcome of patients in Covid ICU. Methods: 200 patient were divided in to two groups, Group A of those who expired and Group B of the survivors. The mean for each parameter was calculated and compared among the two groups and based on which p value was calculated for each parameter undertaken in clinical evaluation. Blood reports of investigations assessing the levels of biomarkers like Procalcitonin (PCT), C- Reactive Protein (CRP), D-dimer, Ferritin, Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) sent on first day and last day of hospitalisation in covid ICU were collected for Group A (Expired) and Group B (Survived) and master chart was prepared. Results: The study population comprised of 200 confirmed Covid-19 cases, among which those expired (Group A) were 103, and those who survived (Group B) were 97. The mean age difference was statistically significant (p value = 0.003). The mean Heart Rate on day of admission was statistically significant (p value = 0.005). The mean Heart Rate on last day of hospitalisation difference was statistically significant (p value = 0.001). The Median PCT levels along with along with its interquartile range in Group A (Expired) versus Group B (Survivors) on day of admission the difference was statistically significant (p value < 0.001). The Median Ferritin levels along with its interquartile range in Group A (Expired) versus Group B (Survivors) on day of admission the difference was statistically significant (p value < 0.0003). The Median Ferritin levels along with its interquartile range in Group A (Expired) versus Group B (Survivors) on last day of hospitalisation the difference was statistically significant (p value < 0.001). Conclusion We concluded that the comparison of the two arms of study, clinical parameters such as Heart Rate, Systolic Blood Pressure, Respiratory Rate and Oxygen Saturation on the day of admission had significant difference among those who expired (Group A) versus the Survivors (Group B), further the raised levels in Expired group corresponded with the severity, poor outcome and higher mortality in critically ill patients in ICU. In addition to clinical parameters, the raised levels of biomarkers such as PCT, CRP, D-dimer Ferritin, LDH and IL-6 in the expired patients in comparison to the survivors on the day of admission and subsequently compared with those of the last day of hospitalisation are reliable indicator of progression towards severity, poor prognosis and outcome.

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