According to the American Academy of Orofacial Pain, the term TMD refers to a set of clinical problems that involve the masticatory musculature, the TMJ and associated structures, or both, being identified as the leading cause of non-dental pain in the orofacial region and is considered a subclass of musculoskeletal disorders. This condition can be known by a variety of terms including craniomandibular disorders (CMD) and is a frequent cause of facial pain problems. The interest of the orthodontic speciality and of other disciplines of dentistry and medicine concerning the association, or lack of association between orthodontic treatment and TMD has increased dramatically during the past decade. Despite the compelling current evidence, some professionals in orthodontics are reluctant to change and continue to still hold onto past unscientific beliefs that lead to the use of outdated treatment approaches. It is critical that orthodontists continually pay attention to the new research developments so that they can ultimately provide their patients with the best and most appropriate possible care.