Background: Infertility is a worldwide health problem among couples with approximately 15% current global infertility rate, translating to one in 6 couples suffering from this condition. The aim of the present study was to find the relation between infertility and pelvic inflammatory disease. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional case series study included 191 infertile women selected from the Outpatient Clinics of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University Hospitals. All women underwent general examination, local speculum examination, and abdominopelvic ultrasound. Also, we collected the data about past reports of all investigations, U/S, laparoscopic and HSG reports done during their journey on infertility assessment. Results: There was statistically significant difference between positive and negative PID patient's parity and social class. But regarding other variables, there was no statistically significant difference. There was statistically significant difference between positive and negative PID patients regarding methods of contraception, repeated history of PID and hospitalization due to PID. But regarding other variables, there was no statistically significant difference. There was statistically significant difference between positive and negative PID patients regarding WBCs and bacteruria. But regarding other variables, there was no statistically significant difference. There was statistically significant difference between positive and negative PID patients regarding using IUD as contraception. But regarding others, there was no statistically significant difference. Conclusion: Observed treatment of PID should be initiated in sexually active young women and others at risk for STIs if the following minimum criteria are present and no other cause(s) for the illness can be identified: lower abdominal tenderness or adnexal tenderness or cervical motion tenderness.