ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to develop new approaches to the study of modern aspects of the clinical and morphological features of uterine blood flow in type I diabetes mellitus (DM) in the mother. Under our supervision, there were 40 pregnant women with type I DM. Clinical examination methods generally accepted in obstetric practice were used to assess the condition of the fetus, placenta, and blood flow in the fetal vessels and uterine arteries. Light microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of 2 uterine fragments obtained during cesarean section were performed. Samples were examined using a FE1 Quanta 200 3D scanning microscope, analyzed, and morphometric and imaging were performed. Processing AFM images was formulated using the NOVA software (NT-MDT, Russian Federation). Results obtained allow us to judge the adverse effect of diabetes on the mother's body during pregnancy and childbirth. Among the complications of pregnancy, it should be noted: the state of preeclampsia (8%), fetoplacental insufficiency (88%), the threat of abortion (52%), polyhydramnios (25%).Morphologically, we revealed plethora of the endometrium. A change in the shape of the myometrium with the presence of fragmentary destructive changes in the myometrium, including focal necrosis and damage to the vascular system of the pregnant uterus. The paper substantiates the possibility of using scanning electron and atomic force microscopy as express methods for morphofunctional diagnosis of a woman's condition in pregnancy pathology.