Annotation: This article is explored the least studied topic in the history of Khorezm - the life and work of German mennonites who lived in the oasis from 1884 to 1935. The scientific novelty of the article is that it covers the land ownership of the Mennonite Germans during the collectivization period through documents in the Khorezm regional state archive that have not yet been put into scientific use. At the same time, the arrival of the Mennonite Germans from Europe to Russia, and from there to Khorezm, and their activities in various fields in the oasis are also revealed through the facts in Russian archives and books by Russian authors of the early 20th century. It is for the first time, based on archival data, that Germans, especially during the Soviet era of collectivization, tried to operate as farms, as they did abroad, without handing over their lands to the collective farms.