Water-based and pilates exercises are commonly used exercises and rehabilitation methods. The aim of this study is to investigated the effect of water-based and pilates exercises on pain threshold according to anthropometric, motor properties, and posture position in sedentary women. A total of 45 volunteer women participated in this research, 15 (33.3%) of whom performed water-based exercises, 15 (33.3%) performed pilates exercises, and 15 (33.3%) served as a control group. The average age of participants in the water-based group was (59.6±7.55) (41- 71), the average age of participants in the pilates group was (61.13±6.94) (50-72) and the average age of participants in the sedentary group was (53.93±7.4) (41-68) made up of sedentary women. Body composition analysis was determined using the bioelectrical impedance method. Body weight (bw) and height, waist, hip, chest, thigh measurements, and pain threshold measurements were taken before and after the study for all subjects. For statistical analysis, the paired sample t-test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used. When the pre- and postexercise values of the groups were compared, significant differences were found in weight, BMI, FAT, FFM, berg balance, and water in the body in the weight, BMI, FAT, FFM, balance variables in the sedentary group (P>0.05), but no significant differences were found in the pilates group. In the pilates group, statistically significant differences were found in the chest, waist, hip, and thigh variables between pre-and post-test values, whereas no statistically significant differences were found between pre-and post-test values (P>0.05). Upon evaluating the comparisons between groups, statistically, significant differences were found in the change values of weight, BMI, FAT, FFM, chest, waist, hip, thigh, and berg balance variables between pre-and post-test measurements in the research groups. When the intra-group comparisons were evaluated, statistically significant differences were found in the occiput and medial knee variables between pre-and post-test values in the water, pilates, and sedentary groups. Statistically significant differences were found in the upper trapezius variable between pre-and post-test values in the pilates and sedentary groups. However, statistically, significant differences were not found in the upper trapezius variable between pre-and post-test values in the water group. Statistically significant differences were not found in the supraspinatus variable between pre-and post-test values in the water, pilates, and sedentary groups. Statistically significant differences were found in the cervical variable between pre-and post-test values in the pilates group, while no statistically significant differences were found in the cervical variable between pre-and post-test values in the water and sedentary groups.