Abstract:The incidence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) is found increasing in hospitals, in which this case causesan increaseinhealthcare-associated infections. Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) or nosocomial infection is an infection obtained in a hospital after more than 72 hours of being admitted to the hospital. This infection transmission by multidrug-resistant organisms is caused by the health workers’ hand hygiene. One of the most effective prevention is to do proper hand hygiene, which results in breaking the chain of the multidrug-resistant organism incidence.Therefore, hand hygiene compliance may reduce healthcare-associated infection.This study aims to discoverthe relationship between hand hygiene andthe multidrug-resistant organism incidence. This study was a descriptive research conducted by utilizing surveillancedata of multidrug-resistant organisms in the intensive care unit (ICU) and the hospital ward in 2018, and the audit of WHO’s protocols for hand hygiene was collected by the infection prevention and control committee from January to December 2018. The result showed that the rate of hand hygiene compliance in 2018 at the ICU was 66% while at the hospital ward,on average,was about52%. There was a decrease in the multidrug-resistant organism incidencein 2018 compared to 2017; in the ICU, the highest percentage reduction was multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (54.5 %), and the lowest was extended-spectrum betalactamase (5.5 %). Meanwhile, in the hospital ward, the highest percentage reduction was multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumanniiincidence (50%),and the lowest was extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (4%).Therefore, the trend patterns show aninverse correlation between hand hygiene compliance and multidrug-resistant organism incidence in the ICU and the hospital ward.