Food security policy is contentiously one of the most critical problems of mankind. It is also approved for sustainable development as the number two goal. The COVID-19 pandemic also confirmed the urgency of the issue and highlighted weaknesses in food security in various countries. The paper summarizes the main theoretical data on the methodology of calculation of the Global Food Security Index, presents the results of comparative analysis according to its data for 2012 to 2019 for the country for Asia and Pacific and Europe. The generalization of indicators included in the calculation of the Global Food Security Index allowed identifying the main weaknesses of the food security system by the country for Asia and Pacific and Europe. Also using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), an assessment of the use of countries' resources to ensure food security was conducted. Expenditure on food security is more efficient, mainly in low-income countries. Food security policy in highly developed and developing countries is based on different approaches, which confirms the results of the assessment of resource efficiency.