ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the features and mechanisms of development of metabolic syndrome (MS), type 2 diabetes melitus (DM2) and intermediate states of glycemia in psychosis the occurrence of these disorders, the values of total cholesterol (TC), fractions of high density lipoproteins (HDL), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), triglycerides (TG), values of atherogenic coefficient (AC), insulinemia, С-peptidemia, insulin resistance (IR) the level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in a sample of patients with schizophrenia and in mentally healthy individuals. Materials and methods: The frequency of carbohydrate metabolism disorders (CMD) was studied. Fasting glycemia was determined, and in the presence of its violation, a glucose tolerance test was performed. MS components were studied in patients with DM2, plasma concentrations of TC, HDL, VLDL, TG, C-peptide (CP), insulin and HbA1c were determined in patients with DM2, AC values and IR indices were calculated using HOMA-IR and CARO criteria. Results: CMD in schizophrenia are more common than among mentally healthy subjects, amounting to 13.1% (p=0.02), and the main condition here is a significant number of individuals with impaired fasting glycemia (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) among women (CMD p=0.01; IGT p<0.001; IFG p=0.03). A feature of psychiatric sampling is a decrease in HDL by 16.4% (p=0.03) and an increase in AC by 52% (p=0.02). Mentally ill men with MS are characterized by a significantly large value of AC (p=0.019), insulinemia (p=0.02), CP level (p=0.02), HOMA-IR (p=0.01) and CARO (p=0.04) values than in mentally ill patients with DM2 without MS. In comparison with the control, regardless of gender, the schizophrenic patients with DM2 have significantly lower values of insulin (p=0.03), C-peptidemia (p=0.04) and IR, according to the criteria of HOMA-IR (p=0.01) and CARO (p=0.03).