Schoolfailureis a hottopictoday; thatattractsinterestthisindirectlyaffectsprimaryschoolstudents. Theeffectivenessoftheeducationsystemmeansthatit has anequalopportunity. Leavingschoolispresent in academiclife, affectsthesocioeconomicleveloffamilies, thegoalistoidentifywhatelementshinderthedevelopmentofactionstoimprovetheapproved. Thestudy has a methodologyusing a questionnairewithfour variables, thesamplewascomposedof 130 primaryquarterstudents, thegoalistoknow and identifythedeterminants ofschoolfailure, analyzingtheacademic performance appliedtostudents. Theresultsindicate: variables havebeenconsideredrelatedtotruancylinkedto individual and familycharacteristics. Conclusionshavebeenreachedthatwe are at a time ofcomplex causes thatshouldnot be exclusivelyfromanacademicperspectiveonly.