Aim: To evaluate the factors leading to dental extraction and its pattern, in the population attending the department of Dental Surgery, Chengalpattu Medical college and hospital.Method: Data of patients who underwent dental extraction was collected and analyzed retrospectively from the department extraction register from 2016 to 2019. All Statistical analyses were done using SPSS v. 25.Result:The maximum number of extracted teeth (23.3%) was in the 45-54 age group. Dental caries with 43.0% was the most common factor for dental extraction followed with very little marginal difference by Periodontal problems. Teeth extracted due to Dental caries were higher in the younger population below 45 years of age and teeth extracted due to periodontal problems were higher in the older population above 45 years of age. The maximum number of extracted teeth was in the mandibular posterior teeth (32.3%) followed by maxillary posterior teeth (26%). Conclusion: Dental caries were the most common factor leading to dental extraction and with aging periodontal disease becomes the main cause of tooth extraction. In the pattern of extraction, posterior teeth are extracted in higher numbers than the anterior.