Background: Rocuronium bromide, a mono quaternary amino steroid with a short onset and an intermediate duration of action, is currently one of the most commonly used neuromuscular blocking agent. In common with vecuronium, hepatic uptake & biliary excretion have been suggested to be the main mechanism of rocuronium metabolism with renal elimination accounting for 10-20% of its overall excretion. This study was conducted to investigate the neuromuscular effects of 0.6mg/kg rocuronium under general anaesthesia in patients with and without renal failure.