Introduction. Bukhara region is located in the south-west of Uzbekistan. Global environmental problems observed around the world, in particular anthropogenic factors affect nature, including the distribution and bioecological characteristics of mammals. This leads to a shrinkage of the distribution area of mammals, a reduction in their numbers. Through comprehensive study special attention is being paid to the control of the population of mammals all around the world, occurring in large numbers, important in nature and the national economy, as well as their use regarding to the needs of man. Especially today, the expansion of the type and scale of human economic activity, as well as a rise in the level of environmental impact dictate the need to preserve environmental sustainability and diversity of mammals in the Bukhara region and adjacent areas