A scientific and historical excursion shows that anatomists played an important if not decisive role in the development and establishment of anthropology. Each case of the nomination of important anthropological statements by anatomists was dictated by their vast scientific and practical experience. There is no doubt that these cases themselves require a detailed analysis and can be the subject of a study of the history of medicine and anthropology in particular. Azerbaijani anatomists were also involved in anthropological research, starting from the very inception of the Department of Human Anatomy of the Azerbaijan Medical University, in other words, exactly 100 years ago. The real upsurge of these studies has begun in recent decades. Under the guidance of Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Honored Scientist of Azerbaijan, Professor V.B. Shadlinski, several dissertations on anthropological topics were successfully defended, the textbook «Anthropology with the Basics of Morphology» (in Azerbaijani) was published (authors: Honored Scientist Professor V.B. Shadlinski and Associate Professor A.S. Abdullayev; the chapter "Morphology" was written by the senior lecturer S.V. Shadlinskaya).