Online ISSN: 2515-8260

CLINICOMYCOLOGICAL STUDIES IN DIABETIC PATIENTS

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Dr Abrar Hussain, Dr Parimal Patel
» doi: .

Abstract

Introduction- Diabetes is a chronic, metabolic disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose, which leads to serious damage to various organs of the body over time being. It has already been predicted that diabetes in India would be seen in around 79.4 million individuals by 2030. It has been found that various conditions associated with diabetes mellitus like high blood glucose, neuropathy, immunological disturbances and vascular insufficiency enable the colonization of various pathogenic fungi. The aim of the present study is to assess the susceptibility of diabetics to various types of fungal infections. Objective- To study the prevalence of fungal infections in diabetics and assess the susceptibility of the diabetics to various fungal infection. Methodology- Total 60 samples were collected along with the clinical and demographic profile of the patient from which 20 were from patients suffering from Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and 40 were from the patients suffering from Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The samples were subjected to direct microscopy using KOH and culture was done using 2 slants of Sabouraud’s dextrose agar. The isolates were identified by pigment production, colony morphology and examination of the smear from colony was done by cellophane tape mount and tease mount. Results- Out of the 60 samples, 26(43.33%) were positive for fungal growth. The most common organism isolated was Candida albicans while other organisms like Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Candida parpsilosis, and Trichophyton spp. were observed. The most affected age group was of 41-60 years. Out of the total positive samples, 69%(n=18) were collected from the rural/tribal population. The majority of the positive samples i.e. 20 (76%) were collected from the patient who never got their blood levels checked for follow up. Also in all of the patients, fungal infection was not suspected as cause of infection initially by the treating physician leading to prescription of antibiotics instead of antifungals. Conclusion- The present study shows a considerable prevalence of fungal infections among the diabetic patients thus making it a serious health problem in this area. There is an urgent need of strategies regarding public health education to make the patients aware about the condition leading to early diagnosis. Also healthcare providers at all the levels should also be made aware of these findings so that they can keep fungal infection in their mind as a differential for infections in diabetics.

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