Volume 11 (2024) | Issue 5
Volume 11 (2024) | Issue 5
Volume 11 (2024) | Issue 5
Volume 11 (2024) | Issue 5
Volume 11 (2024) | Issue 4
INTRODUCTION: - Heart failure is among key reasons of hospitalizations throughout the world. Prevalence is 1% among the ages of 50 and 59 years, gradually growing to >10% over age of 80 years. In patients with heart failure, concomitant and notable renal impairment is prevalent. Heart failure is increasingly being classified as a type of cardiorenal failure, in which there are contemporaneous cardiac and renal dysfunctions, each of which accelerates the progress of the other.