Aim: To evaluate bone marrow among pancytopenia patients. Material and Method: A hospital based study was undertaken at Tripura Medical College & Dr BRAM Teaching Hospital from August 2017 to January 2021. During this period, 57 cases had the clinical presentation of pancytopenia. Relevant medical history and clinical details were collected from each patient. Bone marrow aspiration was done from posterior superior iliac spine using Salah bone marrow aspiration needle. Simultaneously, from same puncture site but from a different plane, bone marrow biopsy was done using Jamshidi needle taking all aseptic precautions and consent. Peripheral blood smear and bone marrow aspirate smear were stained by Leishman Stain and trephine biopsy were processed and stained by Haematoxylin and eosin stain. Special stain was applied whenever required. Results: Majority of the patients (16/57) belonged to the age group of 51-60 years (28%). The commonest mode of presentation was pallor and generalised weakness, followed by fever and other. Splenomegaly was seen mostly in cases of megaloblastic anemia followed by sub/aleukemic leukemia. Lymphadenopathy was noted in all cases of sub/aleukemic leukemia lymphoblastic type. Commonest cause of pancytopenia was micronormoblastic erythroid hyperplasia. Conclusion: This study concluded that most common cause of pancytopenia is Micronormoblastic erythroid hyperplasia followed by sub leukemic leukemia/aleukemic leukemia (acute leukemia), aplastic marrow and plasma cell dyscrasia. Thus, Bone marrow examination can diagnose most of the cases of pancytopenia and helps in planning further investigations and management.