Background information: Pleural space is normally sterile but it gets colonized when fluid accumulates. Fluid accumulation occurs due to many causes of which infection is the most common cause. Pleural effusion when occurs in the setting of pneumonia increases the morbidity and mortality rates in patients if antibiotic therapy is delayed or improper. Identification of prevalent pathogenic organisms and their sensitivities is important in guiding antimicrobial therapy. The aim of the study was to determine the bacteriological profile and their sensitivity pattern.