Abstract. The result of Indonesia Basic Health Research in 2018 showed an increase in the percentage of people with diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to analyze economic losses due to diabetes mellitus in National Health Insurance (NHI) participants with insurance fee waiver (IFW) and non-insurance fee waiver (IFW). This research was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. The sample of this study was 17 patients with IFW and 15 patients with non-IFW. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire consisting of questions about the variable characteristics of the respondents and the direct and indirect costs that should be paid for treatment. Economic losses due to diabetes mellitus were analyzed through direct and indirect total costs.The economic loss for patients with IFW was IDR 5,572,366. Meanwhile, the economic loss for patients with non-IFW was IDR 2,989,984. So, the biggest economic loss due to diabetes mellitus was found in patients with IFW. This was very high when compared to their average income of around IDR 634,375. This can happen because the NHI participants have not taken full advantage of the use of NHI.