Introduction: Renal failure is a complex disorder that occurs in a variety of settings with clinical manifestations ranging from a minimal elevation in serum creatinine to anuric renal failure. Recent epidemiological studies demonstrate the wide variation in etiologies and risk factors for acute renal disease, describe the increased mortality associated with this disease (particularly when dialysis is required), and suggest a relationship to the subsequent development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and progression to dialysis dependency Aim: to find out the epidemiological parameters responsible for acute and chronic renal failure in a Government Hospital of Gujarat. Methodology: This was a cross sectional study done in the department of Pathology, M. P. Shah Medical College, Jamnagar. These patients were above the age of 18 years. Verbal consent was taken from all patients. 50 patients with acute renal injury were included along with 100 patients with chronic renal failure. Results: maximum incidence of acute renal failure was in the age group of 31-40years (24%) followed by the age group of 41- 50 years(18%) . The maximum incidence of chronic renal failure was in the age group of 41- 50years (26%) followed by the age group of 51-60 years(24%) followed by the age group of 31-40 years(20%).