Abstract: Depression in postpartum is a high prevalence psychiatric illness that is weakening. This thesis aimed at examining the preceding reports. We have stated that studies examining postpartum depression risks by searching the database, Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Update and Proquest, published in 2000-2015 papers on postpartum depression factors in Farsi and English have been reviewed. A mixture of keywords included postpartum depression and risk factors or obstetric history, social and biological factors. Search strategy The literature review indicated that postpartum depression risk factors were observed in the field of economic and social factors, obstetric and biologic history, mental illness style and history. Data can be used in this study to develop a screening method for women with a high risk and to develop preventive programmes.