Introduction: Cholelithiasis remains one of the most common problems leading to surgical intervention. Over the past few decades several studies to determine the causes and risk factors of gall stone formation have been done. But some factors like Socioeconomic status, Alcohol intake, Smoking, Serum Cholesterol level, Family history, Total parenteral nutrition (TPN), Crohn’s disease are still considered controversial regarding the formation of gall stone. Therefore, this work has been done with a view to study its relation to the mentioned predisposing risk factors, So prophylactic plan like dietary improvement, change in life style (e.g. cessation of smoking & alcoholism) & others measures should be taken to avoid gallstone formation. Aim: To determine the significance of controversial risk factors i.e. Socioeconomic status, alcohol intake, smoking, serum cholesterol level, family history, total parenteral nutrition (TPN), Crohn’s disease , in the formation of gall stones in different groups of populations and provide an insight to prevent the formation of galls stones by reducing these preventable and modifiable risk factors. Materials & Method: This study was conducted in department of general surgery, Nalanda Medical College And Hospital Patna during February 2019 to February 2021. A total of 80 patients were included in the study. Result: In my study, 6% of the patients were from high socio-economic status, 34% were middle socioeconomic status and 60% were low socioeconomic status. 40% cases were seen with positive family history. 20% were smoker and 80% were non-smokers. 10% cases were alcoholics and 90% were found to be non-alcoholics. 2.5% cases suffered from Crohn’s disease. 5% cases had history of total parenteral nutrition (T.P.N.). Serum cholesterol level was within normal level in 75% cases, hypercholesterolemia in 15% and hypocholesterolemia in 10% cases.