Online ISSN: 2515-8260

A STUDY ON ASSESSMENT OF SKIN MANIFESTATIONS IN FOOT AMONG DIABETIC PATIENTS IN A RURAL AREA.

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Arun. R1 , Meriton Stanly. A2 , Krishna Prasanth3

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder which has affected more than 347 million people, worldwide. The cutaneous foot manifestations in diabetes are a common finding which pose a significant morbidity among these patients. Skin manifestations may present as the first clinical sign and thereby helps in early diagnosis and prompt management. Objective: To assess the skin manifestations in foot among diabetic patients in a rural area. Methodology: 150 diabetic patients attending the Rural Health and Training Centre, Vayalanallur of Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute were included in the study. After obtaining the consent, the participants details were collected using structured questionnaire. Clinical examinations were done to identify skin manifestations in the foot like dryness, fissures, callosities, foot ulcers, tinea pedis and nail changes. Results: Among the study participants 48.7% (73) were males and 51.3% (77)were females. Skin manifestations in foot were reported in 84% (126) of the patients. The predominant cutaneous foot manifestation of diabetes were seen in nails changes which accounted to 60.7% (91) of the patients followed by fissures in the foot which were seen among 46.7% (70)of the study participants. Callosities were reported in 15.3% (23) patients. 53.3% patients who were overweight/obese, were 0.3 times at risk of developing skin manifestations which was statistically significant with the p value.(p<0.03) Diabetic patients with poor glycemic control were 2.3 times at higher risk of developing foot ulcer which was statistically significant with the p value.(p<0.05) Conclusion: The skin manifestations being common among the diabetics must be identified and treated early to reduce significant morbidity and complications. These patients must be educated about self-examination of the foot and proper foot care.

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