Online ISSN: 2515-8260

A study of the clinical profile and factors associated with diabetic foot at tertiary health care center

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Vijay Govind Patel1 , Sachin S Jain2 , Pramod Nagorao Lokare3 , Swapnil Madankar4

Abstract

Background: Diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases: in 2010, one study reported that 285 million adults worldwide had diabetes and this figure is projected to rise to 439 milion by the year 2030. Aims and Objectives: To study the Clinical profile and Factors associated with Diabetic foot at Tertiary health care center. Methodology: This was a prospective study of consecutive Diabetic patients with foot complications admitted in the surgical wards of Surgical department of a tertiary health care center during the period of January 2016 – January 2017. A total of 168 cases were analyzed during this period. Detailed history and thorough clinical examination was done in all cases. All details of the clinical features and associated features and all the details of investigations carried out were noted. Statistical analysis was done by Chi- square test calculated by SPSS 19 version software. Result The majority of the patients were in the age groups 60-69 were 30.00%, followed by 50-59-24%. The majority of the patients were Male-52.98% and Female were 47.02%. There was significant family history of diabetes mellites in 68.00% of patients (p < 0.01). The majority of the patients developed lesions by Trauma i.e. 69.00% and Spontaneously in 31.00%, this was statistically significant (P<0.01). As per Clinical Pattern Abscess was present in 3% cases, cellulitis in 25% Cases, Ulcer in 52% cases and Gangrene in 29 % Cases and Joint involvement in 5%. Most of the patients presented with Wagner Grade II type of foot lesions. i.e. 58.33%. Hence early and effective management can save the limb. The arteriopathy was present in 89% as compared to absent 11% (P<0.01). Neuropathy was present in 26%as compared to absent in 74% of patients presenting with diabetic foot lesions. Patients with Neuropathy presented with Higher Grades of Diabetic foot lesions. Conclusion: It can be concluded from our study that the majority patients were in the age group of 60- 69, the associated factors were family history, history of trauma, presence of arteriopathy and neuropathy etc.

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