Background: Anal Fissure and Fistula can be hard to ignore, particularly with symptoms such as itchiness or pain and bleeding in the rectal area. Anal fistula is a pathological connection between the anal canal and perianal skin, which most commonly develops from an infected anal crypt. Aim: To search for the prevalence and treatment of a fistula in patients with chronic anal fissure (CAF). Method: We started to look the presence or absence of any local sequels in 73 patients around the fissure in consecutive patients with CAF. The duration of symptoms and a history of previous abscess formation and/or drainage were asked in detail. In patients with fissure-fistula, fistulotomy/ fistulectomy was first performed because this part of the operation necessitated division of some of the IAS in some cases. The patients were examined on the 8th postoperative day, 1 month & 6 months postoperatively. Results: Patients who underwent surgery for anal fistula were analyzed. Of the 73 patients (aged 18-60 years), 47 (64.38%) were males and 26 (35.62%) were females. 46 (63%) patients were treated with LIS only; 18 patients (24.66%) were treated with LIS + sentinel pile excision and 9 (12.34%) were treated with LIS + fistulotomy with/without abscess drainage. Conclusion: It is the determinant of CAF in the success of the treatment of anal fistula developing on the basis of CAF. Adequate sphincterotomy is successful in the treatment of CAF and anal fistula developing on the fissure background.