Background: One of the most frequent otolaryngological diseases is chronic otitis media (COM). Pathophysiological processes like bacterial infection and biofilm are carried by COM. It has been established that cholesteatoma, chronic otitis media with effusion, and atelectatic ear diseases are all associated with a reduction in the mastoid air cells. Aims and Objectives: This research aimed to examine the connection between the volume of the mastoid air cells and the efficacy of the graft after tympanoplasty. Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients having type I tympanoplasty and antrostomy was done in this research. Of the 52 patients who fulfilled the criteria of the research, 32 (61.54%) were male and 20 (38.46%) were female, with a mean age of 28.96±SD (range 12- 58) included in the study. At the first, sixth, and twelfth months, the patients were asked for a control visit during which otoscopic exams and audiometric tests were carried out. To determine the mastoid air cell volume, the temporal bone computed tomography pictures were viewed with a 4800 Dpi optic resolution scanner and transmitted to the computer system in JPG format. Results: Although the well-ventilated group's graft success was found to be superior, no substantial difference between the groups' graft success at the first, sixth, and twelfth months (P > 0.05) could be detected. In terms of the preoperative and postoperative hearing improvements, there was no statistically significant variation between the three groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, no statistically significant relationship could be found between the preoperative mastoid cell ventilation and the postoperative graft success in patients who had undergone only antrostomy together with tympanoplasty as chronic otitis surgery