European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Background: Anemia is the world’s second leading cause of disability and thus one of
the most serious global public health problems. Adolescents of both sexes are
particularly vulnerable for developing anemia because of rapid growth and girls
additionally because of the onset of menstruation. The aim of this study to assess the
clinic-hematological profile of nutrition anemia among adolescents at a tertiary care
centre.
Materials& Methods: This is a hospital based observational study done on 50
adolescents attending OPD at JNUIMSRC, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India during one year
study period will be participating in this study as per the inclusion and exclusion
criteria. Anemia will be diagnosed according to the World Health Organisation (WHO)
criteria. Student t test (two tailed, independent) has been used to find the significance of
study parameters on continuous scale between two groups (Inter group analysis) on
metric parameters by using SPSS version 22.0 software.
Results: In 50 anemic adolescents studied, 34 were females, 16 were males. 50%
belongedto middle adolescence. 30% of study population belonged to lower middle
socioeconomicstatus according to modified Kuppuswamy’s classification. Anemia was
high amongvegetarian adolescent girls (55.88%). The commonest clinical presentation
was fatiguewhich was 56%. 42% adolescents had severe thinness according to WHO
classificationof body mass index (BMI). 48% had food skipping, 20.58% of adolescent
girls hadmenstrual irregularities. There was no significant difference among the
adolescent males and females pertaining to clinical eatures and laboratory values.
Conclusion: Nutritional anemia is a burden on adolescent children, as it affects the
transition of childhood to adulthood, and it influences the future health. B12 deficiency is
highly prevalent among the vegetarians. Nutritional awareness education should be
given to adolescents as they fear of gaining weight, irregular food habits, food faddism,
decreased intake of green leafy vegetables/animal proteins.

Adolescence is referred to the 10 to 19-year age range. During their growth teenagers suffer from psycho-social disorders at one time or another. Majority of young couples are working because of industrialization and urbanization and therefore less opportunity to provide for their offspring. This age demographic has been a history of psycho-social issues and substance addiction. Most common disorders include disorders that internalize depression and anxiety, and disorders that outsource delinquency, aggression, educational difficulties, and truancy. Adolescence is mainly affected by the environments in the home and school. Support and counselling, involvement in artistic events, healthy sexual conduct, social knowledge, abstinence, usage of safeguards including contraceptives and getting married at a reasonable age are ideally the measures needed to handle teenage issues. During adolescence a gulf can emerge between the parents and their children. The explanation why all of us find it so daunting is that it's a time of accelerated physical transformation and significant emotional transition. They are thrilling but can be overwhelming and awkward for both parents and children alike. Adolescents in India face a wide variety of problems and challenges including dietary disorders, reproductive health problems, sexually transmitted infections or diseases (STD’s) and emotional and physical stress related issues. Stress also results in the abuse of tobacco and other drugs which shape habits.

Youngsters in their teens represent the world's largest age demographic, in a special period known worldwide as the bridge between childhood and maturity in the life cycle. Longitudinal surveys and accurate assessments of teenage activity in both developed and emerging countries are providing new perspectives. Throughout adolescence, physical and psychosocial shifts cause incarnate challenges of centuries and early childhood to appear in human differences in areas such as maturity, academic achievement, self-confidence, peer pressure, and family proximity. The wellbeing and well-being threats to parents are therefore foreseen. Multi-disciplinary methodologies, in particular biological-social science, socio-economic and cultural variability and determinants of positive results needed to raise understanding at that stage. Depression, anxiety, and eating disorders are especially common during the days of the puberty. Adolescents with anxiety or mood disorders may suffer from physical symptoms such as exhaustion or chronic fatigue, dizziness, headache and pain in the abdomen or arms. The five main features of puberty are biological growth and development, an unclear status, increased decision-making, increased anxiety, and self-search. Adolescence is a lifetime with specific needs and rights relating to health and development. It is also a time to develop awareness and skills, learn to control feelings and relationships, and gain qualities and skills that would be necessary for teenage years to be experienced and adult positions to take on.

the study aimed to evaluate self-esteem following 12 weeks of intervention and detraining from an archery activity among sedentary youth.
The study sample consisted of 34 male youth who were chosen randomly, and allocated into archery and control group. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Score was used, consisting 10 items to measure merely on self-esteem. The measurement was taken three times; baseline, week 12 and week 24 along the intervention course.  
The results shown that the self-esteem among the archery group was significantly higher following 12 weeks of intervention compared to baseline. However, at week 24 (after detraining), the score was reduced compared to week 12. The level of self-esteem among control group was similar at baseline, post-intervention and detraining.
Archery intervention provides good improvement on self-esteem especially among sedentary youth. Withdrawal from archery intervention leads to reduction of self-esteem score.