European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Non communicable diseases are responsible for 71% of all deaths globally, that is 41 million people each year. Each year 85% of the premature death occurs due to non communicable disease in low and middle income courtiers. Cerebrovascular accident or stroke is one of the most common causes of death. Ultrasonography of the carotid arteries is an easily available, costeffective, noninvasive method of evaluation. Treatment of stroke depends on reaching the most accurate diagnosis. Accurate and prompt diagnosis is crucial because timely and appropriate therapy can significantly reduce the risk of stroke and long term sequelae. Several modalities of investigation are available to determine carotid arterystatus

Introduction: Computed tomography is in clinical practice of utmost important for differentiating stroke from other diseases, which may mimic stroke, it also distinguishes one type of stroke from other.The purpose of this study is to document the presence or absence of hemorrhage or infarcts, to find the location and reasonably assess the blood vessels involved and to spot the incidence of negative cases of clinically suspected stroke.
Materials and Methods: Detailed clinical history was taken in patients admittedinourhospital as per the Proforma. All patients referred for CT evaluation were scanned by using GE Hi speed dual slice spiral CT scanner and Toshiba helical CT scanner machine with the following specifications: 80 milliamperage, 120 kilovoltage, tilting angle ±22^o, matrix size of 512×512. Scans are taken parallel to the floor of the anterior fossa, the lowest section through the external auditory meatus and continuing to the top of the head. The gantry is angled towards the feet. Slice thickness of 4mm was used for scanning posterior fossa, 7mm for remainder of the head and wherever necessary still thinner sections weretaken.
Results: 75 cases were turned out to be intracerebral haemorrhage, which accounts for 26.7%.10 cases of CVT and the percentage calculation was 3.5%. Tumors deterred in 10 cases out of 280 cases of suspected CVA, which accounts for 3.5% of the total study and SDH cases were also 3.5%. 7.1 % cases were found normal in evaluation.
Conclusion: CT scanning is very useful and life caring technique for diagnosis of acute stroke as the rational management of stroke.

Background: The sepsis which is defined as a systemic inflammatory response syndrome during or following an infectious event represents a common frequent entity in the emergency department. In this study was to find out the outcome of sepsis patients that presented to the emergency room and to explore the relationship between presentation and outcome.  
Patients and methods: It is a prospective follow up study conducted in Emergency Room of Medical city, Baghdad through the period from 1^st of January to 31^st of October, 2019 on a sample of 100 sepsis patients. The study group were followed up for one month after their discharge and final outcomes of eligible patients were either alive or dead.
Results: The outcome was death in 89% of sepsis patients, and alive in 11% of them. Most (91%) of deaths occurred in high dependency unit, 4.5% of deaths occurred in intensive care unit and 4.5% of deaths occurred in the emergency department. Female gender, shortness of breath, diabetes history, cerebrovascular accident history, blood transfusion among patients with sepsis are significant risk factors of mortality. There was a significant association between longer high dependency unit stay duration and death outcome of patients with sepsis (p<0.01).
Conclusions: Although the death rate of sepsis patients admitted to Baghdad Teaching hospital is high, but it is within reported international range. We should develop and improve the services in high dependency unit.