European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

(BMI) increases, a trend that has been observed in recent years as the rate of obesity among women rises. Despite abundant evidence showing a connection between endometrial cancer and obesity, very few people are aware of it. In order to assess the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and endometrial pathology in premenopausal women with AUB at Nalgonda medical college, an analytical case control research was conducted.
Methods: 100 women between the ages of 40 and 55 who presented to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Nalgonda medical college between January 2020 and December 2021 were included in the study group for an analytical case control study. These women with BMIs of 18.5 to 24.99 and fewer than 25 had their menstrual patterns and endometrial patterns by histopathology examined.
Results: In the study group of women between the ages of 40 and 55, the average age was 44.83. In both groups, the average length of the symptoms was comparable. 8.52 months for the control group and 10.18 months for the patients group. There was no discernible variation between the two groups' menstrual patterns, which were equivalent. In comparison to the control group, the cases group had increased mean endometrial thickness, mean BMI, and hyperplasia with or without atypia. Although it was not statistically significant, atypical endometrial hyperplasia occurred more frequently in women with rising BMI.

Objective: The aim of the study wasto evaluate the validity of Transvaginalsonography(TVS) in
accurately diagnosing structural pathologiesin patients with the perimenopausal AUB (PALM
component of PALM COIEN classification) and to assess the degree of agreement between the
Transvaginal ultrasonographic(TVS) and Histopathological(HPR) findings.
Material and Method: This retrospective study was conducted in 102 women with
perimenopausal AUB attending the tertiary rural health center in North-west Maharashtra. Indoor
case records of 102 perimenopausalwomen with AUB who were subjected to TVS and later
diagnostic fractional curettage and /or hysterectomy as per institutional protocol, and in whom
HPR examination reports were available were included in study. Data was collected and
tabulated as per ethically approved format. Kappa Statistical test and Z test of difference between
proportions was applied to assess the degree of agreement between the TVS and HPR findings
Results:In the present study 36% Leiomoyoma, 24% Endometrial Hyperplasia & 10%
Adenomyosis were diagnosed as cause of Perimenopausal AUB on TVS. However on HPR
examination 41% Endometrial Hyperplasia,33% Leiomoyoma,,16% Adenomyosis & 5%
malignancies were responsible for AUB. TVS had 97% specificity, 50% sensitivity& 92%
Positive predictive value(PPV) in diagnosing Endometrial hyperplasia .TVS had 89%
specificity& sensitivity and 92% Negative predictive value(NPV)to diagnose Leiomyoma.
Kappa test and Z test showed statisticallygood coorelation over chance for leiomyoma andFair
coorelation over chance for diagnosing Endometrial Hyperplasia

Background: Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) is defined as any bleeding that does not correspond with the frequency, duration or amount of blood flow of a normal menstrual cycle. Endometrial biopsy is important in perimenopausal age group women (40-55 years) to rule out endometrial pathology and malignancy. This study was done to assess Clinicopathological aspects and different histopathological patterns related to Abnormal Uterine Bleeding as no studies have been done in this region of Karnataka, India.
Methods: This is a cross sectional study done from 2019 to 2020. All female patients in the perimenopausal age group presenting with symptoms of AUB were included. Patients less than 40 years of age and endometrial tissues inadequate for opinion on microscopy were excluded. Relevant history and clinical data regarding pattern and duration of abnormal uterine bleeding was retrieved. Endometrial biopsy tissues was processed and stained by H&E. The diagnosis was done and results analysed.
Results: Present study included 94 biopsies of which 6 biopsies were inadequate for opinion. The most common age group presenting with AUB was 40-45 years (53.40%). The most common symptom was menorrhagia. The commonest histopathological pattern among all the perimenopausal age was disordered proliferative endometrium followed by simple hyperplasia without atypia. Other patterns were proliferative endometrium, secretory endometrium, simple hyperplasia, carcinomas etc. The commonest etiology of AUB was Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding (46.59%) followed by Endometrial hyperplasias. (23.86%)
Conclusions: Correlation with clinical history, radiological investigations along with endometrial biopsy establishes etiology and diagnosis for patients with AUB.