European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Global population increases drastically but the production of quality food grains has decreased in the same way that may results the poor nutrition content in the food. The reason behind less quality of food grain is the continuous use of chemical fertilizers in field in order to produce higher yield but these inorganic fertilizers increase yield and other side it decreases the soil fertility and cause effect to soil ecofriendly organisms and cause pollution in the soil and environment. Instead of using those inorganic fertilizers replace with using organic amendments like FYM, Poultry manure, Vermicomposting, sheep and goat manure, bone meal, slurry, sewage and sludge along with the bio fertilizers plays key role to enrich nutrient content, increase microbial population, improves water holding capacity in soil and provides the better aeration around plant rhizosphere. Growing of sole crop with organic amendments may reduce yield. Instead of these we fallow intercropping systems like cereals + pulse, cereal + oil crop, cereal + cereal crop may provide the better production and among intercropping systems cereal +pulse crop of wheat and chickpea with recommended ratios of (2:2,3:1,2:1,1:1) has shown the better results in crop production with good quality grain yield ,LER, better growth rate per unit area by better utilization of N2 from legume crop by fixation and makes profit to the farmer by reducing the incidence of disease, pest and weed .

The declination of soil quality is a major concern nowadays. Due to the use of Green revolution techniques the production has increased to much extent but it has caused the detioration of the soil quality, degradation of land which ultimately affects the human health and environment. Accumulation of agrochemicals in the soil is decreasing the soil quality which also leads to less fertility of the soil. The use of green manures crops can restore the soil fertility, prevent soil erosion, improve physico-chemical properties of soil, maintain genetic balance; mainly they act as nutrient supply to the succeeding crops. They not only improve the physical, biological property of the soil but also protect the plants from diseases. Therefore, it helps in plant protection also. Various research papers, research activities of green manures are reviewed here for role of green manuring in sustainable agriculture.