Abstract

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluation of Clinical & Laboratory Profile of Typhoid Fever in Children in Bihar Region.
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric, Anugrah Narayan Magadh Medical College and Hospital, Gaya, Bihar, India for 18 months. Total 120 Children aged below 18 years with history of fever of more than 7-10 days duration were included in this study. In each case, age, sex, presenting complaint, laboratory investigations and antibiotic sensitivity pattern are collected and analysed.
Results: Out of 120 cases, 80 cases (66.67%) were males and 40 cases (33.33%) were females. Most of the cases were aged between 6 and 12 years. 59 cases were aged between 6 and 12 years (49.17%). In all the above age groups male predominance was seen. The most common symptom was fever (100%), followed by anorexia (65.83%), vomiting (47.5%), pain abdomen (20%), diarrhea (11.67%), headache (9.17%), and cough (6.67%). The most common sign we observed was toxic look in 69.17% of the cases followed by coated tongue in 49.17%, hepatomegaly 45.83%, splenomegaly 20.83%, hepatosplenomegaly in 13.33% of cases and pallor in 5.83% of cases. Table 6 depicts the laboratory parameters. Anemia found in 26 (21.67%) cases, leucopenia and leucocytosis was observed in 41(34.17%) cases and 19(15.83%) cases respectively. Neutropenia found in 50(41.67%) cases and neutrophilia was found in 35(29.17%) cases. Eosinopenia was seen in 56(46.67%) cases, eosinophilia in 8(6.67%) cases and thrombocytopenia in 19(15.83%) cases. SGOT levels was elevated (>200IU/ml) in 14(11.67%) cases and SGPT (>200IU/ml) in 17(14.17%) cases. The elevated levels of liver enzymes lasted only few days.
Conclusion: Public health interventions like supply of safe drinking water, appropriate sanitation, awareness of the disease and its transmission, and good personal hygiene practices may be employed.