European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background: Preterm labour is a pressing public health issue. Currently, nearly one tenth of all the pregnancies are preterm, contributing to ~ 80% of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Although, preterm labour is defined as labour < 37 completed weeks, practically birth after 34 weeks of gestation have better survival outcomes. Tocolytics are the mainstay of reducing preterm deliveries. They cause partial uterine relaxation and hence help in prolonging the pregnancy for at least for 48 - 72 hrs, thus providing sufficient time for corticosteroids to aid in maturation of lungs; thereby preventing respiratory distress syndrome. While there are quite a few tocolytics available, most of them require close fetomaternal monitoring due to their adverse effects. Currently, nifedipine is tocolytic of choice. Nitroglycerine, which is rapidly metabolized in liver has fewer side effects and its transdermal use is beneficial due to its convenience of usage. Since there are very few studies documenting the comparison of the two drugs, our study will be beneficial.
Objectives: To study and compare the effectiveness of transdermal Nitroglycerine patch and oral nifedipine.
Methodology: This study will include a total of 130 women in preterm labour fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These study subjects will be divided into two groups A and B randomly using envelope method. One group will be given transdermal nitroglycerine patch and the other will be given oral nifedipine as a tocolytic agent to reduce the preterm contractions. Treatment will be considered successful if contractions stopped and no recurrence of contractions occurred within or after 48 hours. 
Expected results: Transdermal Nitroglycerine patch is more effective than oral nifedipine in management of preterm labour.
Conclusion: Transdermal nitroglycerine patch is more effective in prolonging the pregnancy as compared to oral nifedipine with less adverse effects.