European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine

Abstract

"Enamel matrix proteins" has role in development of dentin, acellular cementum and alveolar bone during tooth formation. is produced from porcine Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath at the time of development of tooth. EMD has BMP like molecules and BMP expressing cells. Among them, BMP like molecules induce differentiation of odntoblasts and form the reparative dentin. Reports state that EMD consists of TGF-β like molecules. Also, EMD is capable of suppressing inflammatory cytokine production by immunocytes. This provides a constructive environment which promote healing of the wounded pulp tissues.EMD comprise of proteins which belong to the family of amelogenin which takes part in final odontoblastic differentiation and simultaneous dentin production. A formulation of EMD has its availability in the market with the brand name of Emdogain®. It has shown success in induction of hard tissue bridge production. Teeth having undergone vital pulp therapy with EMD displayed signs of classical wound healing. Study conducted recently stated that the combination of MTA and EMD leads the human dental pulpal cells to differentiate faster in comparison to the situation where MTA is used alone. This suggests that a hybrid approach is beneficial in keeping EMD in a stable position over the pulpal exposure site by a hard-setting pulp-capping material. In spite of the potential of EMD to induce the mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into odontoblasts, the reparative hard tissues assessed in current studies had resemblances with "atubular osteodentin" instead of "tubular dentin".