Abstract

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is becoming more prevalent and is a major issue for countries all over the world, including India. MRSA isolates are also becoming resistant to other chemotherapeutic drugs. Early detection of MRSA and its susceptibility pattern becomes vital for the treatment of the condition as very few antimicrobial agents can be used to manage the ailment. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of MRSA and its susceptibility pattern in the study area.
Materials and methods:  This was the cross sectional study carried out from May 2022 to November2022.  A total of 180 non-repetitive clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from various clinical specimens. These isolates were identified by conventional phenotypic methods. All the isolates of Staphylococcus aureus isolates were subjected to Cefoxitin disc diffusion testing to identify MRSA. All isolates were tested for their susceptibility to various antibiotics by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Data analysis was done by simple percentage method.
Results: A total of 459 clinical samples were processed during the study period. Out of this, 180 were identified as Staphylococcus aureus (39.2%). Further, methicillin resistance was tested against all isolated strains of Staphylococci, 82 strains were identified as MRSA and accounted for 45.5% followed by methicillin sensitive strains 98(54.5 %). Majority of MRSA (85.3%) and MSSA (66.3%) were isolated from pus samples. Majority of MRSA strains were isolated from the samples of surgery (39%) followed Orthopaedics (28%) and Medicine (24.3%). All the isolates of MRSA and MSSA were susceptible to Linezolide (100%), Vancimycin(100%) and Rifampicin(100%). Majority of MRSA strains were found to be susceptible to Amikacin (67.1%) and Clindamycin (53.7%) followed by Erythromycin (36.5%).
Conclusion: In our study, overall prevalence of Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus was 45%. Majority of MRSA isolates were resistant to commonly used antibiotics. All strains of MRSA were remained 100% susceptible to vancomycin and Linezolide.