Abstract

Overweight was defined as a BMI ≥23 kg/m² but <25 kg/m² for both genders (based on the World Health Organization Asia Pacific Guidelines) with or without Abdominal Obesity (AO). Generalized Obesity (GO) was defined as a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² for both genders (based on the World Health Organization Asia Pacific Guidelines) with or without AO. Ghrelin is synthesized as a pre-prohormone, in the epithelial cells lining the fundus of the stomach, with smaller amounts produced in the placenta, kidney, pituitary and hypothalamus.Ghrelin is an appetite-stimulating hormone that increases growth hormone secretion and food intake in humans. Furthermore, ghrelin regulates several physiological processes, including glucose metabolism, insulin secretion, gastric emptying, cell proliferation,learning and memory, stress and anxiety