Abstract

Background: Dengue is the most common arthropod borne viral illness in humans, transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes. The present study was conducted to evaluate role of clinicohaematological profile in diagnosis of dengue at a tertiary care hospital.
Materials & Methods: The present study was conducted at Department of Pathology, Autonomous State Medical College, Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh (India) over a period of 06 months. Clinical examinations were performed by a physician on each study participant. The diagnosis of dengue was made. All the routine investigations such as hematological determination was determined. Data were entered and analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 statistical software. Data were presented by using tables and figure.
Results: In the present study total participants were 450 in which 55.55% were males and 44.44% were females. Maximum patients suffering from dengue were of age group 18-30 yrs (40%). Clinical features show that fever was present in maximum patients (96%) followed by body ache (95.11%) and Retro-orbital pain (72.44%). Dehydration was absent in 46.66% patients. 1.77% of patients had severe dehydration and 1.55% patients were in shock. Mortality occurs in 3 cases. The most common hematological finding observed was thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 140,000/cumm) in 57.77%, followed by anemia (hemoglobin level < 11.5 g/dl) in 46.66% and leucopenia (total leukocyte count < 4,000/cumm) in 26.66% the cases. Hematocrit > 44% were noted in 11.11% of the cases. Neutrophil < 1500 in 13.33% and lymphocyte > 2900 in 4.44% of the cases. Autopsy findings of 3 cases shows serous effusions, pulmonary oedema, mucosal congestion of GIT, visceral congestion, hepatomegaly, cerebral oedema.
Conclusion: The study concluded that fever was present in most patients. Dehydration was absent in 46.66% patients. 1.77% patients had severe dehydration and 1.55% patients were in shock. The most common hematological finding observed was thrombocytopenia followed by anemia and leucopenia.